The concept of sustainable development has evolved significantly since its introduction in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially, it emphasized the balance between economic growth and environmental protection. However, contemporary scholars argue that this dualistic framework overlooks the critical role of social equity. Recent studies suggest that sustainable development cannot be achieved without addressing systemic inequalities, such as access to resources and decision-making power. For instance, marginalized communities often bear the brunt of environmental degradation, yet they are frequently excluded from policy discussions. Therefore, a more holistic approach is necessary, integrating environmental, economic, and social dimensions into a cohesive framework. This shift reflects a growing recognition that sustainability is not merely an ecological or economic issue, but a fundamentally political one, requiring inclusive governance and redistributive justice.