雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design aims to manage this load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic complexity of the material, combined with the way it is presented, exceeds the learner's cognitive capacity. Extraneous cognitive load, which is caused by poor instructional design, can be reduced by using clear diagrams and eliminating redundant information. However, germane load, which is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material, is considered beneficial. Therefore, effective teaching strategies should minimize extraneous load while encouraging germane load, allowing learners to focus on constructing schemas. Recent studies have shown that adaptive learning technologies, which adjust content based on learner performance, can significantly reduce extraneous load and enhance learning outcomes.