雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal skills within a familiar context, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function and manage effectively in culturally diverse settings. Researchers identify four distinct dimensions: metacognitive (conscious awareness during intercultural interactions), cognitive (knowledge of norms and practices), motivational (drive to adapt), and behavioral (flexibility in verbal and nonverbal actions). A meta-analysis by Rockstuhl and Ng (2015) revealed that CQ predicts cross-cultural adjustment and job performance even after controlling for general cognitive ability and emotional intelligence. However, critics argue that CQ measures overlap with personality traits, and its incremental validity over broader constructs remains contested. Nevertheless, CQ training programs have been implemented in multinational corporations, suggesting practical utility despite theoretical debates.