The concept of 'environmental resilience' has gained significant traction in ecological studies, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbances while maintaining its fundamental structure and functions. Unlike mere resistance, which implies an unchanging state, resilience emphasizes dynamic adaptation. A resilient forest, for instance, may experience a severe wildfire yet recover through natural regeneration, whereas a fragile one might shift permanently to a grassland state. Researchers argue that resilience is not solely a natural attribute; human interventions, such as controlled burns or reforestation, can enhance it. However, critics caution that over-reliance on technological fixes may undermine the intrinsic adaptive processes that have evolved over millennia. This debate highlights a core tension between active management and preservationist ideals, underscoring the need for nuanced policies that balance ecological integrity with societal demands.
❓ According to the passage, what is the key distinction between environmental resilience and mere resistance?
A. Resistance focuses on permanent stability, while resilience allows for temporary change.
B. Resilience involves adaptive recovery after disturbance, whereas resistance implies no change.
C. Resistance is natural, but resilience requires human intervention.
D. Resilience only applies to forests, while resistance applies to all ecosystems.
✅ 正确答案
Resilience involves adaptive recovery after disturbance, whereas resistance implies no change.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first