The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, cognitive load theory suggests that instructional design should minimize unnecessary cognitive load to facilitate learning. This is particularly relevant in multimedia learning environments, where learners must integrate information from multiple sources, such as text and diagrams. Research indicates that when information is presented in a spatially and temporally integrated manner, extraneous load is reduced, allowing more working memory resources to be devoted to schema construction and automation. However, intrinsic load, which depends on the complexity of the material itself, cannot be altered by instructional design. Therefore, effective instructional strategies must balance both types of load to optimize learning outcomes.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 멀티미디어 학습에서 불필요한 인지 부하를 줄이는 주요 목적은 무엇인가?
A. A. 자료의 내재적 부하를 증가시키기 위해.
B. B. 더 깊은 학습 과정을 위해 작업 기억 자원을 확보하기 위하여.
C. C. 학습 자료를 더 복잡하고 도전적으로 만들기 위해.
D. D. 학습자들의 스키마 구축 필요성을 없애기 위해.
✅ 正确答案
B. To free up working memory resources for deeper learning processes.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first