雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a measure of an individual's ability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on interpersonal sensitivity, CQ emphasizes cognitive, motivational, and behavioral adaptability to cross-cultural contexts. Researchers argue that CQ comprises four distinct dimensions: metacognitive (conscious cultural awareness), cognitive (knowledge of norms and practices), motivational (interest and confidence in cross-cultural interactions), and behavioral (capacity to adjust verbal and non-verbal actions). A 2020 meta-analysis by Ott and Michailova found that CQ predicts job performance and expatriate adjustment more strongly than general cognitive ability, particularly in roles requiring frequent intercultural negotiation. However, critics caution that CQ training often oversimplifies cultural differences, potentially reinforcing stereotypes. Thus, while CQ offers a useful framework, its application must be nuanced to avoid essentializing cultures.