The concept of 'sustainable development' has evolved significantly since its popularization in the 1987 Brundtland Report. Initially, it was framed primarily as an environmental concern, focusing on the preservation of natural resources for future generations. However, contemporary scholarship argues that sustainability is a tripartite paradigm, encompassing not only ecological integrity but also economic viability and social equity. This holistic view posits that environmental degradation is often intertwined with issues of poverty and inequality, as marginalized communities disproportionately bear the burden of pollution and resource depletion. Consequently, effective sustainability policies must address these systemic social and economic factors, rather than merely implementing technological fixes. This shift in perspective has profound implications for international development agendas, urging a move away from purely growth-oriented models towards more inclusive and resilient strategies that prioritize human well-being and planetary health in tandem.
❓ According to the passage, what is a key difference between the original and contemporary understanding of sustainable development?
A. A) The original focus was on economic growth, while the contemporary focus is solely on environmental protection.
B. B) The original focus was mainly environmental, while the contemporary view integrates social and economic dimensions.
C. C) The contemporary view rejects the need for technological solutions, unlike the original approach.
D. D) The contemporary view prioritizes future generations over current populations, unlike the original view.
✅ 正确答案
B) The original focus was mainly environmental, while the contemporary view integrates social and economic dimensions.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first