The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design aims to manage this load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic complexity of the material, combined with the way it is presented, exceeds the learner's available working memory capacity. Extraneous cognitive load, which arises from poorly designed instruction, can be reduced by simplifying presentations and eliminating irrelevant information. However, germane load, which is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the material, should be encouraged. Recent studies suggest that adaptive learning technologies, which tailor the complexity of tasks to the learner's current level, can effectively balance these types of load, thereby enhancing both comprehension and retention. This has significant implications for curriculum development and the design of digital learning environments.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, mục đích chính của việc giảm tải nhận thức không cần thiết trong thiết kế giảng dạy là gì?
A. Để tăng độ phức tạp nội tại của vật liệu
B. Để giải phóng dung lượng bộ nhớ làm việc cho việc học tập hiệu quả
C. Để khuyến khích người học xử lý nhiều thông tin không liên quan hơn
D. Để loại bỏ nhu cầu về các công nghệ học tập thích ứng.
✅ 正确答案
To free up working memory capacity for effective learning
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first