The concept of 'environmental carrying capacity' refers to the maximum population size of a species that an ecosystem can sustain indefinitely, given the available resources. In marine ecosystems, overfishing and climate change have significantly reduced this capacity, leading to shifts in species composition and trophic cascades. A recent study by marine biologists examined the impact of warming sea temperatures on the carrying capacity of cold-water fish populations. The researchers found that while some species adapted by migrating to deeper, cooler waters, this behavioral shift increased competition for limited resources, ultimately lowering the overall reproductive success. The study highlights that carrying capacity is not a static figure but a dynamic equilibrium influenced by both biotic interactions and abiotic factors. Understanding these complex relationships is crucial for developing sustainable fisheries management policies that account for future climate scenarios.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, lý do chính dẫn đến sự suy giảm thành công sinh sản của quần thể cá nước lạnh là gì?
A. A) Việc đánh bắt quá mức các loài săn mồi chính của chúng
B. B) Sự cạnh tranh gia tăng về tài nguyên do di cư
C. C) Sự giảm sút về sự sẵn có của các môi trường sống nước mát hơn
D. D) Các tác động sinh lý trực tiếp của nhiệt độ ấm hơn
✅ 正确答案
B) Increased competition for resources due to migration
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first