Recent studies in cognitive science have challenged the traditional view that multitasking enhances productivity. Researchers such as David Meyer at the University of Michigan have demonstrated that the human brain is not wired to process multiple complex tasks simultaneously. Instead, what appears to be multitasking is actually rapid task-switching, which incurs a cognitive cost known as 'switching penalty.' This penalty manifests as reduced accuracy and increased time to complete each task. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies reveal that the prefrontal cortex, responsible for executive control, becomes overloaded when attempting to manage competing demands. While some argue that digital natives are more adept at multitasking, empirical evidence suggests otherwise; even younger individuals show significant performance degradation when juggling tasks. Consequently, experts recommend a 'single-tasking' approach in academic and professional settings to optimize cognitive efficiency and output quality.
❓ According to the passage, what is the main consequence of attempting to perform multiple tasks at once?
A. A) Enhanced productivity due to neural adaptation.
B. B) A reduction in accuracy and an increase in time needed for tasks.
C. C) Improved prefrontal cortex function over time.
D. D) No measurable effect for younger individuals.
✅ 正确答案
B) A reduction in accuracy and an increase in time needed for tasks.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first