The concept of sustainable urban development has evolved significantly over the past decades, shifting from a purely environmental focus to a more integrated approach that encompasses economic, social, and ecological dimensions. Contemporary scholars argue that true sustainability in cities requires a systemic perspective, recognizing the interdependence of infrastructure, governance, and community well-being. For instance, investments in green transportation not only reduce carbon emissions but also improve public health and access to employment, thereby addressing social equity. However, critics caution that without robust regulatory frameworks, such initiatives may inadvertently lead to gentrification, displacing low-income residents. Therefore, effective urban policy must balance innovation with inclusive planning, ensuring that the benefits of sustainability are equitably distributed across all segments of society.
❓ What is the main argument presented in the passage?
A. A. Sustainable urban development should prioritize environmental concerns over social issues.
B. B. Urban sustainability requires a comprehensive approach that considers economic, social, and ecological factors together.
C. C. Green transportation projects always lead to gentrification and displacement of poor residents.
D. D. Regulatory frameworks are unnecessary if cities invest in sustainable infrastructure.
✅ 正确答案
B. Urban sustainability requires a comprehensive approach that considers economic, social, and ecological factors together.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first