The concept of 'green infrastructure' has gained significant traction in urban planning as a means to address environmental degradation while enhancing city resilience. Unlike traditional gray infrastructure, which relies on concrete and pipes to manage stormwater, green infrastructure utilizes natural systems such as permeable pavements, green roofs, and urban forests to absorb and filter rainfall. Proponents argue that this approach not only reduces flood risks but also mitigates the urban heat island effect, improves air quality, and provides recreational spaces. However, critics point out that the initial costs and maintenance requirements can be substantial, and the effectiveness varies with local climate and soil conditions. Despite these challenges, many municipalities are integrating green infrastructure into long-term sustainability plans, recognizing its potential to deliver multiple ecological and social benefits simultaneously.
❓ According to the passage, what is a primary advantage of green infrastructure over traditional gray infrastructure?
A. A) It requires lower initial investment and minimal maintenance.
B. B) It relies on natural processes to manage stormwater and offers co-benefits.
C. C) It is equally effective in all climatic and soil conditions.
D. D) It completely eliminates the need for urban planning regulations.
✅ 正确答案
B) It relies on natural processes to manage stormwater and offers co-benefits.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first