雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal regulation, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions of CQ: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. The metacognitive dimension refers to an individual's conscious awareness and control of cultural assumptions during interactions, while the cognitive dimension encompasses knowledge of cultural norms and practices. Motivational CQ reflects the drive and interest to adapt to different cultural contexts, and behavioral CQ involves the ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and non-verbal actions. Empirical studies suggest that CQ predicts expatriate job performance and psychological well-being better than general cognitive ability or personality traits. However, critics argue that CQ measures often rely on self-reports, which may be subject to social desirability bias, and that the construct's distinctiveness from related concepts like cultural adaptability remains unclear.