雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding why some individuals adapt more effectively to multicultural environments than others. Unlike general cognitive ability, CQ specifically encompasses four dimensions: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. Metacognitive CQ refers to the conscious awareness of cultural assumptions during interactions, while cognitive CQ involves knowledge of norms and practices in different cultures. Motivational CQ reflects the drive to engage with diverse cultures, and behavioral CQ denotes the capability to exhibit appropriate verbal and nonverbal actions. Research suggests that CQ predicts cross-cultural adjustment beyond emotional intelligence and personality traits, particularly in expatriate assignments. However, critics argue that the construct overlaps with existing measures of openness to experience, and its incremental validity in predicting long-term performance remains contested. Nevertheless, training programs designed to enhance CQ have shown modest effects, indicating that it may be a malleable competency rather than a fixed trait.