The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design often aims to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learners have limited working memory capacity, and if the complexity of the material (intrinsic load) is high, additional demands from the way the material is presented (extraneous load) can hinder learning. However, effective design can promote 'germane load', which is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the underlying structure of the content. Recent studies suggest that interactive learning environments, while engaging, may inadvertently increase extraneous load if not carefully structured, thus reducing the potential benefits of active participation.
❓ 认知负荷理论对教学设计的主要启示是什么？
A. A) 应始终避免交互式环境，以防止学习者负担过重。
B. B) 设计师应尽量减少无关负荷，以便为相关处理留出更多容量。
C. C) 应消除内在认知负荷，以使所有学生的学习变得更加容易。
D. D) 工作记忆容量可以通过训练来扩展，以处理更多信息。
✅ 正确答案
B) Designers should minimize extraneous load to allow more capacity for germane processing.