"To Subdue the Self and Return to Propriety" comes from The Analects, Yan Yuan, with the original text reading, "To subdue the self and return to propriety is benevolence," meaning to restrain one's selfish desires so that one's words and actions conform to ritual norms, thereby attaining the realm of benevolence. Here, "subdue" means to restrain or control, "the self" refers to personal selfish desires, "return" means to restore or practice, and "propriety" refers to social norms and moral standards. The deeper meaning of this idiom emphasizes the unity of self-cultivation and external norms, and it is the core of Confucian thought on self-cultivation. It is mostly used in discussions of moral self-discipline, social order, or traditional culture, and carries a solemn and serious emotional tone. In terms of cultural background, it reflects Confucius's esteem for the Rites of Zhou and the philosophy that "benevolence" and "propriety" are mutually complementary. In modern times, it is often extended to mean consciously observing social ethics and restraining improper desires.
📝 Example
1. In public places, we should discipline ourselves and follow the rules of propriety, avoiding loud noises and respecting others. (Meaning: to restrain oneself and observe social etiquette.)
2. Although he holds a high position, he always disciplines himself and follows the rules of propriety, never abusing his power for personal gain. (Meaning: to restrain selfish desires so that one's words and actions conform to moral standards.)