Chapter 85 covers electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof, as well as sound recorders and reproducers, television image and sound recorders and reproducers, and parts and accessories thereof. This chapter mainly includes equipment for generating, converting, and storing electricity, electric motors and generators, transformers and rectifiers, batteries and accumulators, and various electrical heating, welding, and cutting equipment. Resistance welding machines, as equipment that uses the resistance heat generated by current passing through the contact surfaces of workpieces for welding, fall within the scope of electrical welding equipment in this chapter. Heading 8515 covers welding machines and apparatus, including arc welding, resistance welding, laser welding, electron beam welding, plasma arc welding, and other welding equipment, as well as machines and apparatus for hot spraying of metals or metal carbides. This heading is further subdivided into several subheadings, among which 8515.21 and 8515.29 specifically cover resistance welding machines, corresponding respectively to fully or partly automatic resistance welding machines and other resistance welding machines. Code 851521 consists of 6 digits. The first 2 digits '85' represent Chapter 85, i.e., electrical machinery and equipment and parts thereof; digits 3-4 '15' represent heading 8515, i.e., welding machines and apparatus, including arc welding, resistance welding, etc.; digits 5-6 '21' represent subheading 8515.21, specifically fully or partly automatic resistance welding machines. Therefore, 851521 fully denotes 'fully or partly automatic resistance welding machines', whose core feature is that the equipment has automatic or semi-automatic operation functions, distinguishing it from manually operated resistance welding machines (classified under 851529). This commodity is a resistance welding machine, which uses resistance heat for welding and belongs to electrical welding equipment, so it is classified under heading 8515. Since the equipment has fully automatic or semi-automatic operation functions, it meets the description of subheading 8515.21, and is therefore classified under 851521. If it were a manual resistance welding machine, it should be classified under 851529; if it were an arc welding machine, it should be classified under 851531 or 851539; if it were a laser welding machine, it would be classified under 851580.

Product Name: The specific name of the declared commodity should accurately reflect the type of equipment, such as 'fully automatic resistance welding machine' or 'semi-automatic resistance welding machine'. Use: Describe the main application areas of the equipment, such as for automobile body welding, battery tab welding, electronic component welding, etc. Brand: Fill in the brand name of the equipment; if there is no brand, fill in 'no brand'. Model: Fill in the specific model of the equipment, which should be consistent with the physical nameplate. Degree of Automation: Specify whether the equipment is fully automatic, semi-automatic, or manual. This is the key to distinguishing 851521 from 851529. Power: Fill in the rated power of the equipment, usually in kilowatts (kW) or kilovolt-amperes (kVA). Working Principle: Briefly explain the principle of welding using resistance heat, such as 'applying pressure through electrodes and passing current, using contact resistance to generate heat to melt metal'. Product Name: Fully automatic resistance welding machine; Use: For welding tabs of new energy vehicle battery modules; Brand: XX; Model: XX-2000; Degree of Automation: Fully automatic; Power: 50kW; Working Principle: Apply pressure to the workpiece through electrodes and pass current, using the heat generated by contact resistance to melt the metal and form a weld spot. Failure to specify the degree of automation, leading to classification errors. Misreporting resistance welding as arc welding or laser welding, affecting classification. False declaration of brand and model, which may trigger customs scrutiny. Incorrect power unit, such as filling kW as W.

The core criteria for classification are: 1. Whether the equipment uses resistance heat for welding; 2. Whether the equipment has fully automatic or semi-automatic operation functions. According to the Import and Export Tariff, resistance welding machines are classified under heading 8515, with fully automatic or semi-automatic ones under 8515.21 and others under 8515.29. Therefore, when declaring, the welding principle and degree of automation of the equipment must be clearly stated. If the equipment is manual resistance welding, it is classified under 851529; if it is another welding method, it is classified under other subheadings. 851529 Other resistance welding machines: 851529 is for manual or non-fully automatic/semi-automatic resistance welding machines, while 851521 is for fully automatic or semi-automatic. The core difference is the degree of automation. 851531 Fully or partly automatic arc welding machines: 851531 is arc welding equipment, which uses arc heat for welding, while 851521 is resistance welding, which uses resistance heat. The working principles are different. 851539 Other arc welding machines: 851539 is manual arc welding machines, which differ from the resistance welding principle of 851521, and the degree of automation may also differ. 851580 Other welding machines and apparatus: 851580 includes laser welding, electron beam welding, plasma arc welding, etc., which differ from the resistance welding principle. Does the equipment use resistance heat for welding? Does the equipment have fully automatic or semi-automatic functions? Has the degree of automation been clearly declared? Are the brand and model consistent with the actual product? Has resistance welding been confused with other welding methods?

How to determine whether a resistance welding machine is fully automatic or semi-automatic? A fully automatic resistance welding machine usually means the equipment can automatically complete the entire welding cycle, including workpiece clamping, electrode pressure, current heating, cooling, electrode release, etc., without manual intervention. Semi-automatic means that some processes require manual assistance, such as manual loading and unloading but automatic welding process. When declaring, it should be judged based on actual functions. What is the difference in HS classification between resistance welding machines and arc welding machines? Resistance welding machines use the resistance heat generated by current passing through the contact surfaces of workpieces for welding, and are classified under 8515.21 or 8515.29; arc welding machines use arc heat for welding and are classified under 8515.31 or 8515.39. The working principles are different, and the classification subheadings are different. If the resistance welding machine is manual, which code should it be classified under? Manual resistance welding machines should be classified under 851529 (other resistance welding machines). 851521 only applies to fully automatic or semi-automatic resistance welding machines. Is it necessary to provide technical parameters of the equipment when declaring? Yes, it is recommended to provide detailed technical parameters, such as power, degree of automation, working principle, etc., so that customs can accurately classify. In particular, the degree of automation is the key to distinguishing 851521 and 851529. Are HS codes consistent when exporting resistance welding machines to different countries? The first 6 digits of the HS code are basically consistent internationally, but countries may adjust subsequent digits. When exporting, the specific code should be confirmed according to the customs regulations of the destination country. How to inquire about the most-favored-nation tariff rate for resistance welding machines? You can log on to the website of the General Administration of Customs of China or consult the Import and Export Tariff to inquire about the most-favored-nation tariff rate. Tariff rates may change, and it is recommended to use the latest version. If a resistance welding machine has multiple welding functions, how should it be classified? If the equipment has multiple welding functions, it should be judged based on the main function or whether it has other welding methods. If resistance welding is the main function, it is still classified under 8515.21; if other welding is the main function, it is classified under the corresponding subheading.