Chapter 84 covers nuclear reactors, boilers, machinery, mechanical appliances and their parts, and is one of the chapters with the broadest commodity scope and highest technical density in the HS classification. This chapter includes power machinery, metalworking machine tools, agricultural machinery, office equipment, automatic data processing equipment, etc., but excludes electrical equipment (Chapter 85), vehicles (Chapter 87) and optical instruments (Chapter 90). The chapter notes strictly define the classification rules for machines and parts, emphasizing the priority of function and use. Heading 8463 specifically covers machine tools for cold or hot working of metal, but excludes cutting machine tools (classified under 8456-8461) and forging and stamping machine tools (classified under 8462). It specifically includes drawing machines, thread rolling machines, wire forming machines, and non-cutting machine tools used for bending, folding, straightening, shearing, etc. of metal plates, tubes and profiles. The key feature of 8463 is "chipless forming", i.e., changing the shape of metal through plastic deformation. The first 2 digits 84 = chapter for machinery and mechanical appliances, indicating that the goods belong to the machinery category rather than electrical or transport equipment. The 3rd-4th digits 63 = heading 8463, referring to metal drawing machines, thread rolling machines and similar non-cutting metalworking machine tools, distinguished from cutting machine tools and presses. The 5th-6th digits 10 = subheading 846310, specifically referring to CNC drawing machines, i.e., machine tools that realize the drawing process through computerized numerical control. The drawing process refers to a cold working method in which a metal billet is pulled through a die orifice so that its cross-section is reduced and its length is increased. Numerical control means that the equipment has functions such as programmable control, automatic feeding, and real-time parameter adjustment, and belongs to high-precision, high-efficiency specialized machine tools. The core reason why this commodity is classified under 846310 rather than adjacent codes is that its processing principle is "drawing" rather than "cutting" or "stamping". 8462 covers stamping and forging equipment, which use impact or pressure to shape metal; 8456-8461 covers cutting machine tools, which achieve shape through material removal. In contrast, the drawing machine under 846310 causes plastic flow of metal through a die, with no chips produced, and its CNC characteristics further clarify its subheading assignment. Therefore, as long as the equipment has drawing as its main function and is equipped with a CNC system, it should be classified under 846310.

Product name: The standard name of the declared commodity should use "CNC drawing machine" or "CNC drawing machine", avoiding common names such as "wire drawing machine" or "cold drawing machine" to avoid classification disputes. Use: Explain the specific processing object and scenario of the equipment, such as "used to draw metal wire or rod to a specified diameter, applied in steel wire and copper wire production". Working principle: Briefly describe the drawing method, such as "applying pulling force to the metal billet through a die orifice so that its cross-section is reduced and its length is increased, with no cutting process". Brand: Fill in the equipment brand, such as "SMS", "Danieli", etc.; if there is no brand, fill in "no brand". The brand helps customs confirm the source and technical level of the equipment. Model: Fill in the specific model, such as "CNC-D500", used to distinguish drawing machines of different specifications and functions. CNC function: Clearly state whether it has a CNC system, such as "equipped with Siemens 840D CNC system, capable of multi-axis linkage and parameter programming". Processing material: Explain the types of metal that can be processed, such as "suitable for steel wire, stainless steel wire, copper wire, etc.". Maximum drawing force: Fill in the maximum drawing force of the equipment (unit: kN), reflecting the equipment specifications and technical parameters. Product name: CNC drawing machine; Use: used to draw 5.5mm diameter steel wire down to 2.0mm to produce high-strength steel wire; Working principle: applying pulling force to the steel wire through a die orifice so that its cross-section is reduced, with no cutting; Brand: SMS; Model: CNC-D500; CNC function: equipped with Siemens 840D CNC system, capable of multi-axis linkage and parameter programming; Processing material: steel wire, stainless steel wire; Maximum drawing force: 200kN. Mistakenly classifying CNC drawing machines under 8462 (stamping machine tools), ignoring the difference in principle between drawing and stamping. Failure to emphasize the "CNC" feature during declaration, resulting in classification under a code other than the non-CNC subheading 84631000. Confusing drawing machines with wire drawing machines, the latter of which may be used for non-metals or classified differently. Ignoring whether the equipment has independent functions; if it is a component of a production line, it must be classified according to the complete line. Failure to provide proof of the CNC system, which may cause customs to question the applicability of subheading 10.

The core basis for classification is the notes to Chapter 84 of the Import and Export Tariff and the subheading structure. Heading 8463 explicitly includes drawing machines, and subheading 846310 targets CNC drawing machines. When determining, it is necessary to confirm: 1) whether the equipment has drawing as its main function; 2) whether it is equipped with a CNC system; 3) whether it is used for metal processing. If the equipment has both drawing and other functions (such as straightening), it should be classified according to its main function. With reference to customs classification decisions, CNC drawing machines are generally classified under 84631010. 846221 CNC bending, folding or straightening machine tools: 846221 is used for bending or straightening metal plates and tubes, deforming materials through rollers or dies, but does not involve drawing reduction; while 846310 is specifically used for drawing to reduce cross-section. 846231 CNC shearing machine tools: 846231 separates metal through shearing blades and belongs to the cutting category; 846310 draws through a die with no chips produced, and the processing principle is completely different. 846241 CNC punching or notching machine tools: 846241 removes material through a punch and belongs to the stamping category; 846310 does not remove material and only causes plastic flow of metal. 846291 Other CNC hydraulic presses: 846291 uses hydraulic pressure to shape metal, such as press forming; 846310 uses pulling force to make metal pass through a die, with the force direction opposite. 847981 Machinery for processing metal, including winding machines: 847981 covers auxiliary machinery such as winding and welding machines. If a drawing machine is combined with a winding machine, it should be classified according to the main function; a standalone drawing machine is still classified under 846310. Does the equipment have drawing as its main function? Is it equipped with a CNC system? Is it used for metal processing? Does it produce chips? Does it have independent processing capability?

What is the difference in HS codes between CNC drawing machines and ordinary drawing machines? If an ordinary drawing machine does not have CNC functions, it should be classified under a subheading other than 84631000 (such as 84631090), while a CNC drawing machine is classified under 84631010. The key difference lies in whether it is equipped with a computerized numerical control system capable of programming and automatic parameter adjustment. When declaring, the model and function description of the CNC system must be provided. If a drawing machine is used to process non-metallic materials, is it still classified under 846310? 846310 applies only to metal processing. If it is used for drawing non-metals such as plastics or rubber, it should be classified under Chapter 39 or Chapter 40 and other relevant chapters according to the material. For example, plastic wire drawing machines are classified under 8477. Therefore, when declaring, it must be clearly stated that the processing object is metal. When importing CNC drawing machines, what are the key points of customs document review? Customs focuses on reviewing: 1) whether the classification is correct and whether it has CNC functions; 2) whether the declaration elements are complete, such as brand, model, and working principle; 3) whether it is consistent with the invoice and packing list; 4) whether it involves used mechanical and electrical products, for which relevant certificates must be provided. It is recommended to prepare technical materials in advance for inspection. If the drawing machine is second-hand equipment, does the HS code change? The HS code does not change and it is still classified under 84631010. However, the import of second-hand equipment must comply with national regulations on the import management of mechanical and electrical products, and may involve pre-shipment inspection, licenses, etc. When declaring, the word "used" must be indicated and an equipment condition statement must be provided. Are CNC drawing machines and wire drawing machines the same commodity? Not exactly the same. A wire drawing machine usually refers to machinery that draws metal wire into fine wire and is a type of drawing machine; while a CNC drawing machine may be used for rods, tubes, etc. However, if a wire drawing machine has CNC functions, it is also classified under 84631010. If it is a simple wire drawing machine without CNC, it is classified under 84631090. How can I check the import tariff rate for CNC drawing machines? Tariff rates are adjusted according to policy. It is recommended to obtain the latest tariff rate by entering HS code 84631010 through the General Administration of Customs website, the International Trade Single Window, or professional tariff query tools. At the same time, pay attention to free trade agreement rates; if applicable, preferential treatment may be enjoyed. Do CNC drawing machines require declaration elements when exported? Export declaration also requires elements such as product name, model, and use, but the requirements are more lenient than for imports. For smooth customs clearance, it is recommended to prepare according to import standards, especially brand, model, and working principle, to avoid affecting tax refunds due to inaccurate declaration. If a drawing machine has a straightening function, how should it be classified? If straightening is an auxiliary function and the main function is still drawing, it is classified under 84631010. If straightening is the main function, it may be classified under 846221 (CNC straightening machine tools). When classifying, refer to the equipment manual to determine the main function, and apply for advance classification if necessary.