托福口语 Task 4

Today, we're going to talk about a fascinating concept in animal behavior called 'tool use.' Now, tool use isn't just about using objects to get food; it can also serve social purposes. My main point is that some animals use tools not for survival, but to communicate or establish social bonds. Let me give you two examples. First, consider the chimpanzee. In some groups, male chimpanzees have been observed using large sticks to drum on tree roots, creating loud, rhythmic sounds. This isn't for foraging; instead, they use this drumming to signal their presence and dominance to other groups, essentially using the stick as a social announcement. Second, think about the Californian sea otter. While they famously use rocks to crack open shellfish, they also use tools in social contexts—specifically, during courtship. A male otter will present a rock to a female as a gift, and if she accepts it, they may engage in a playful interaction, reinforcing their pair bond. So, as you can see, tool use in animals can go beyond mere survival and play a key role in social communication.