托福口语 Task 4

Today, we're going to talk about a fascinating concept in biology called 'behavioral thermoregulation.' This is when animals actively adjust their behavior to control their body temperature, rather than relying solely on physiological mechanisms like sweating or shivering. The main point is that behavior can be just as important as physiology in helping animals survive in extreme environments. Let me give you two examples. First, consider the desert iguana. In the scorching heat of the desert, the ground can reach temperatures that would be lethal. To avoid overheating, the iguana climbs onto rocks or low bushes, where the temperature is cooler and airflow is better, allowing it to regulate its body heat without baking. Second, think about honeybees. In winter, when temperatures drop, bees cluster together in a tight ball inside the hive. The bees on the outside insulate the group, while the bees inside shiver their flight muscles to generate heat. By rotating positions, they ensure no single bee gets too cold. Both examples show how behavior—whether it's choosing a perch or forming a cluster—helps animals maintain a stable body temperature.