托福口语 Task 4

Today, we're going to talk about a fascinating concept in animal behavior called 'tool use.' While we often think of tool use as a uniquely human trait, many animals also use tools to solve problems. One key point is that tool use in animals is not random; it is often learned and passed down through generations, showing a form of cultural transmission. Let me give you two examples. First, consider the New Caledonian crow. These birds are known to craft hooks from twigs to extract insects from tree crevices. Interestingly, young crows don't automatically know how to do this; they learn by observing their parents and practicing over time. This shows that the skill is taught, not innate. Second, think about sea otters. They use rocks to crack open shellfish. A mother otter will demonstrate this technique to her pup, and the pup will watch and repeat until it masters the skill. So, in both cases, the behavior is not just instinctual but is socially learned, emphasizing that tool use can be a cultural trait in animals.