托福口语 Task 4

Today, we're going to talk about a fascinating concept in animal behavior called 'tool use.' Now, tool use isn't just about using an object to get food; it involves modifying or manipulating an object to achieve a specific goal. This ability was once thought to be unique to humans, but we now know many animals do it. Let me give you two clear examples. First, consider the sea otter. When a sea otter finds a clam, it will dive to the ocean floor to pick up a rock. Then, floating on its back, it places the rock on its chest and uses it as an anvil to smash the clam open. The otter doesn't just use the rock as is; it selects a rock of the right size and shape, which shows planning. Second, think about the New Caledonian crow. This bird is famous for making hooks. It will take a twig and use its beak to trim leaves and bend the end to create a hook, which it then uses to fish insects out of tree bark. This is not just using a stick; it's actually crafting a tool for a specific purpose. Both examples show that tool use involves problem-solving and foresight, challenging the idea that only humans can do this.