TOEFL Reading

❓ Question According to the passage, what is a key difference between traditional equilibrium-based models and resilience theory?

A. Traditional models assume ecosystems have multiple stable states, while resilience theory assumes a single stable state.
B. Traditional models emphasize returning to an original state, while resilience theory focuses on maintaining functions despite change.
C. Traditional models ignore human impacts, while resilience theory considers only natural disturbances.
D. Traditional models predict irreversible shifts, while resilience theory claims all changes are reversible.

Traditional models emphasize returning to an original state, while resilience theory focuses on maintaining functions despite change.