การอ่าน TOEFL

❓ คำถาม According to the passage, what is a key difference between traditional stability and ecological resilience?

A. A) Traditional stability focuses on preventing all disturbances, while resilience allows for multiple equilibria and emphasizes adaptation.
B. B) Traditional stability is based on the idea of multiple stable states, while resilience assumes a single equilibrium.
C. C) Traditional stability is mainly applied to shallow lakes, while resilience is used only in climate adaptation.
D. D) Traditional stability requires adaptive management, whereas resilience relies on fixed intervention strategies.

A) Traditional stability focuses on preventing all disturbances, while resilience allows for multiple equilibria and emphasizes adaptation.