❓ Question According to the passage, what is a key difference between ecological resilience and stability?
A. A. Resilience focuses on returning to an original state, while stability allows for shifts to new states.
B. B. Stability involves absorbing disturbance, while resilience emphasizes rapid recovery.
C. C. Resilience emphasizes the capacity to retain core functions despite change, whereas stability focuses on returning to a pre-disturbance condition.
D. D. Stability is a modern concept, while resilience was introduced recently by Holling.
✅ Correct Answer
C. Resilience emphasizes the capacity to retain core functions despite change, whereas stability focuses on returning to a pre-disturbance condition.
TOEFL Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Infer vocabulary meaning from context, not just memory
Base inferences on the passage; avoid over-extrapolation