❓ คำถาม According to the passage, what is a key difference between engineering resilience and ecological resilience?
A. Engineering resilience concerns the speed of recovery, while ecological resilience concerns the amount of disturbance a system can absorb before changing state.
B. Engineering resilience applies only to forests, while ecological resilience applies to all ecosystems.
C. Engineering resilience emphasizes biodiversity, while ecological resilience emphasizes ecosystem productivity.
D. Engineering resilience is a newer concept, while ecological resilience was developed by early ecologists.
✅ คำตอบที่ถูกต้อง
Engineering resilience concerns the speed of recovery, while ecological resilience concerns the amount of disturbance a system can absorb before changing state.
TOEFL Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Infer vocabulary meaning from context, not just memory
Base inferences on the passage; avoid over-extrapolation