การฟัง TOEFL

🎧 บทถอดเสียง

Listen to part of a lecture in an environmental science class. Professor: Today, let's talk about urban heat islands. This phenomenon occurs when cities are significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas. Why? Well, buildings, roads, and other infrastructure absorb and re-emit the sun's heat more than natural landscapes do. For example, asphalt parking lots can reach temperatures much higher than grassy fields. Additionally, waste heat from vehicles and air conditioners adds to the effect. But there are solutions. One approach is increasing vegetation, like planting trees on streets and creating green roofs. Trees provide shade and release moisture through transpiration, which cools the air. Another strategy is using reflective materials for rooftops and pavements, which bounce sunlight back into the atmosphere. Some cities have also implemented cool pavement programs. However, these measures require careful planning and funding. So, while urban heat islands pose challenges, they are not insurmountable. Does anyone have a question about how these strategies might affect local energy use?