การฟัง TOEFL

🎧 บทถอดเสียง

Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. The professor is discussing the behavior of certain birds. 'Today, we're going to talk about a fascinating adaptation in some bird species: the use of tools. While tool use was once thought to be a uniquely human trait, we now know that many animals, including crows and parrots, use objects to achieve goals. However, one lesser-known example is the woodpecker finch from the Galapagos Islands. This bird uses a cactus spine or a small twig to probe for insects in tree bark. Interestingly, the finch doesn't just pick up any stick; it selects a spine of appropriate length and shape, and sometimes even modifies it by breaking off the tip. This behavior is not innate—young finches learn it by observing their parents. What's more, the finches show flexibility: if a spine is too short, they may discard it and search for a longer one. This suggests a level of problem-solving and cognitive processing that challenges our assumptions about avian intelligence.'