Listen to part of a lecture in an environmental science class. Professor: Today, let's discuss a fascinating phenomenon known as the 'urban heat island effect.' Essentially, cities tend to be warmer than surrounding rural areas due to human activities and the concentration of heat-absorbing materials like concrete and asphalt. These surfaces absorb solar radiation during the day and release it slowly at night, preventing temperatures from dropping. Additionally, waste heat from vehicles, air conditioners, and industrial processes contributes to this warming. One surprising consequence is that this effect can alter local weather patterns, sometimes increasing rainfall downwind of cities. On the other hand, cities can also mitigate this effect by increasing vegetation, using reflective roofing materials, and designing buildings to promote airflow. However, implementing such measures requires careful planning and public support. Now, who can tell me why the urban heat island effect is particularly pronounced at night?
❓ Question According to the professor, why is the urban heat island effect especially noticeable at night?
A. A. Because vehicles and factories operate more at night.
B. B. Because heat-absorbing surfaces release stored heat slowly after sunset.
C. C. Because nighttime rainfall increases due to urban heat.
D. D. Because vegetation cools the air more effectively during the day.
✅ Correct Answer
B. Because heat-absorbing surfaces release stored heat slowly after sunset.
TOEFL Listening Tips
Skim the questions first to predict the content
Watch for signal words in lectures and conversations (however, actually, in fact)
For main idea questions, focus on the beginning; for detail questions, focus on examples and data
For attitude questions, pay attention to the speaker's tone and word choice
Take notes on keywords; don't try to write down every word