TOEFL Listening

🎧 Listening Transcript

Listen to part of a lecture in an environmental science class. The professor is discussing the role of wetlands in flood control. Professor: "Today, I want to talk about wetlands, often called nature's sponges. But their ecological value goes far beyond that. Wetlands, such as marshes and swamps, act as natural buffers against flooding. When rivers overflow, wetlands absorb excess water and slowly release it, reducing the peak flow downstream. This not only protects nearby communities but also recharges groundwater supplies. However, wetlands are disappearing at an alarming rate. Over the past century, more than half of the world's wetlands have been drained or filled for agriculture and urban development. This loss has increased flood risks in many regions. Interestingly, some cities are now restoring wetlands as a cost-effective alternative to building concrete levees. For instance, a project along the Mississippi River reconnected a floodplain, which not only reduced flood damage but also provided habitat for migratory birds. So, preserving and restoring wetlands is not just about wildlife; it's a smart investment in our own safety."