Narrator: Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class. Professor: Today we're going to talk about a fascinating adaptation in the animal kingdom: the ability of some creatures to produce light, known as bioluminescence. This is not just a rare phenomenon; it's actually quite common in the deep ocean, where sunlight doesn't reach. Many species of fish, squid, and jellyfish use bioluminescence for various purposes. One key function is camouflage. For example, some fish have light-producing organs on their bellies. They adjust the intensity of this light to match the light coming from above, effectively erasing their silhouette from predators below. Another purpose is communication. Fireflies on land use flashes to attract mates, but in the ocean, some species use light to signal warnings or even to lure prey. A famous example is the anglerfish, which has a glowing lure that dangles in front of its mouth to attract smaller fish. So, bioluminescence is a versatile tool that has evolved independently many times across different lineages. Any questions?
❓ 質問 What is the professor's main point about bioluminescence?
A. A. It is used only by deep-sea creatures for hunting.
B. B. It serves multiple functions and has evolved in many species.
C. C. It is a rare trait found only in fish and squid.
D. D. It is primarily used for attracting mates on land.
✅ 正解
B. It serves multiple functions and has evolved in many species.
TOEFL Listening Tips
Skim the questions first to predict the content
Watch for signal words in lectures and conversations (however, actually, in fact)
For main idea questions, focus on the beginning; for detail questions, focus on examples and data
For attitude questions, pay attention to the speaker's tone and word choice
Take notes on keywords; don't try to write down every word