雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a measure of an individual's ability to function effectively in culturally diverse settings. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal skills, CQ encompasses four distinct dimensions: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. Metacognitive CQ refers to the conscious awareness of cultural assumptions during interactions, while cognitive CQ involves knowledge of norms and practices in different cultures. Motivational CQ reflects the drive to adapt, and behavioral CQ is the capability to exhibit appropriate verbal and non-verbal actions. Recent studies suggest that CQ predicts cross-cultural adjustment better than general cognitive ability, particularly in expatriate assignments, where misunderstandings arising from cultural differences can impede task performance. However, critics argue that CQ measures often rely on self-reporting, which may inflate actual competence, and that the construct overlaps significantly with personality traits such as openness to experience. Thus, while CQ offers a useful framework, its practical assessment remains contentious.