The concept of the 'attention economy' has gained traction among economists and technologists alike, positing that human attention is a scarce cognitive resource. In this framework, digital platforms compete not for monetary currency but for the limited time and focus of users. Scholars argue that this competition leads to design strategies that prioritize engagement over user well-being, often exploiting psychological vulnerabilities. However, recent longitudinal studies suggest that the relationship between screen time and attention span is not unidirectional. Instead, individual differences in self-regulation and task-switching ability appear to moderate the impact. This nuanced view challenges the deterministic narrative that digital media inherently erodes cognitive control, implying that interventions should focus on enhancing metacognitive skills rather than merely restricting usage.