The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, cognitive load theory suggests that learning is most effective when instructional materials are designed to minimize extraneous cognitive load, allowing learners to focus on intrinsic load and germane load. Intrinsic load is the inherent difficulty of the material itself, while germane load is the effort devoted to processing and understanding the information. Overly complex presentations, such as redundant text and visuals, can increase extraneous load, hindering comprehension. Conversely, well-structured materials that integrate diagrams with concise explanations can reduce unnecessary mental effort, facilitating deeper learning. This theory has significant implications for curriculum design, particularly in STEM fields where abstract concepts are prevalent.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es el objetivo principal del diseño instruccional basado en la teoría de la carga cognitiva?
A. Para eliminar todos los tipos de carga cognitiva para los estudiantes.
B. Para aumentar la carga intrínseca para desafiar a los estudiantes.
C. Para reducir la carga extrínseca para que los estudiantes puedan centrarse en la comprensión.
D. Para añadir más ayudas visuales independientemente de su relevancia.
✅ 正确答案
To reduce extraneous load so learners can focus on understanding
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first