The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained traction in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal regulation, CQ specifically addresses the capability to function and manage effectively in culturally diverse settings. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions: metacognitive CQ, which involves higher-order cognitive processes such as monitoring and revising mental models of culture; cognitive CQ, which refers to knowledge about norms, practices, and conventions in different cultures; motivational CQ, reflecting the intrinsic interest and confidence to adapt to cross-cultural situations; and behavioral CQ, the ability to exhibit appropriate verbal and non-verbal actions during interactions. Studies suggest that CQ predicts adaptive performance beyond general cognitive ability and personality traits, particularly in expatriate assignments and multicultural teams. However, critics argue that current measures rely heavily on self-report, potentially inflating correlations with performance outcomes, and call for more objective assessments.
❓ According to the passage, which of the following is a key limitation of existing CQ research?
A. A. It overemphasizes the role of personality traits.
B. B. It relies mainly on self-reported measures, which may bias results.
C. C. It ignores the distinction between CQ and emotional intelligence.
D. D. It has not been applied to expatriate assignments.
✅ 正确答案
B. It relies mainly on self-reported measures, which may bias results.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first