雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'ecological resilience' has gained prominence in environmental science, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbance and reorganize while undergoing change so as to retain essentially the same function, structure, identity, and feedbacks. Unlike mere stability, which implies a return to a pre-disturbance state, resilience emphasizes adaptability and transformation. For instance, a coral reef that experiences bleaching may recover to a similar state if stressors are reduced, but if resilience is low, it may shift permanently to an algal-dominated system. This shift represents a regime change, where the ecosystem crosses a threshold into a new state that is often difficult to reverse. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for effective conservation, as management strategies must focus on enhancing resilience rather than simply resisting change.