The phenomenon of urban heat islands (UHIs) has garnered increasing attention in climate research due to its implications for energy consumption and public health. UHIs occur when metropolitan areas experience higher temperatures than their rural surroundings, primarily because of the prevalence of dark, heat-absorbing surfaces such as asphalt and concrete, which replace natural vegetation. Additionally, anthropogenic heat from vehicles, air conditioning, and industrial processes exacerbates the effect. Recent studies indicate that the intensity of UHIs can be mitigated through strategic urban planning, including the incorporation of green roofs, reflective materials, and increased tree canopy. However, the effectiveness of these measures varies with local climate, city layout, and socioeconomic factors, necessitating tailored approaches rather than one-size-fits-all solutions.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿por qué ocurren las islas de calor urbanas?
A. A. Porque las áreas rurales tienen más árboles que las ciudades.
B. B. Debido a la sustitución de la vegetación por superficies que absorben calor y a las actividades humanas.
C. C. Como resultado del calentamiento global que afecta únicamente a las ciudades.
D. D. Debido a la falta de luz solar en las áreas metropolitanas.
✅ 正确答案
B. Due to the replacement of vegetation by heat-absorbing surfaces and human activities.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
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