雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cultural intelligence' (CQ) has gained prominence in organizational psychology as a framework for understanding cross-cultural effectiveness. Unlike emotional intelligence, which focuses on intrapersonal and interpersonal abilities, CQ specifically addresses an individual's capability to adapt to culturally diverse settings. Researchers have identified four distinct dimensions of CQ: metacognitive, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral. The metacognitive dimension involves higher-order thinking processes, such as planning and monitoring one's cultural assumptions during interactions. Cognitive CQ refers to knowledge about cultural norms and practices across different societies. Motivational CQ captures the drive and interest to engage with other cultures, while behavioral CQ entails the flexibility to modify verbal and non-verbal actions appropriately. Empirical studies suggest that CQ predicts outcomes such as expatriate adjustment, team performance, and negotiation success, even after controlling for general intelligence and personality traits. However, critics argue that CQ remains overly reliant on self-report measures, which may not accurately reflect actual cross-cultural competence in real-world interactions.