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The concept of 'urban resilience' has gained significant traction in recent years, particularly in the context of climate change adaptation. Urban resilience refers to the capacity of a city to withstand, absorb, and recover from shocks and stresses, such as floods, heatwaves, or economic crises. While early approaches focused primarily on physical infrastructure, contemporary scholars argue that social capital and governance structures are equally critical. For instance, a city with robust social networks can mobilize resources more effectively during emergencies, reducing recovery time. Moreover, flexible governance enables adaptive policy-making, allowing cities to respond to evolving threats rather than relying on static plans. However, critics caution that resilience initiatives may inadvertently prioritize short-term recovery over long-term transformation, potentially reinforcing existing inequalities. Thus, achieving genuine urban resilience requires a holistic approach that integrates ecological sustainability, social equity, and institutional learning, rather than merely bouncing back to a pre-disaster state.