The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, cognitive load theory suggests that learning is most effective when instructional designs align with human cognitive architecture. Excessive extraneous load, such as poorly presented information or irrelevant distractions, can hinder the processing of essential material. Conversely, germane load, which is devoted to schema construction and automation, enhances learning. Researchers argue that reducing extraneous load and promoting germane load through well-structured materials can significantly improve comprehension and retention, particularly in complex subjects like science and mathematics.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 효과적인 학습을 향상시키는 주요 요인은 무엇인가?
A. A. 모든 유형의 인지 부하를 최소한으로 줄이기
B. B. 수업에서 제시되는 정보의 양을 증가시키기
C. C. 인지 구조에 맞춘 교수 설계 및 적절한 인지 부하 촉진
D. D. 작업 기억의 한계를 완전히 제거하기
✅ 正确答案
C. Aligning instructional design with cognitive architecture and promoting germane load
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first