The concept of 'blue carbon' refers to the carbon captured by the world's oceanic and coastal ecosystems, particularly mangroves, seagrasses, and salt marshes. These habitats, although covering less than 2% of the ocean surface, account for approximately 50% of all carbon buried in marine sediments. Recent research has highlighted their disproportionate role in climate mitigation, as they sequester carbon at rates up to four times higher than terrestrial forests. However, these ecosystems are under severe threat from coastal development and rising sea levels, leading to the release of stored carbon back into the atmosphere. Conservation efforts, therefore, are not merely a matter of biodiversity preservation but also a critical strategy for climate change adaptation, as protecting and restoring these habitats can enhance coastal resilience and provide long-term carbon sinks.
❓ Согласно тексту, почему прибрежные экосистемы, такие как мангровые заросли и морские травы, особенно важны для смягчения последствий изменения климата?
A. A) Они покрывают значительную часть поверхности океана и хранят большую часть углерода океана.
B. B) Они поглощают углерод с гораздо более высокой скоростью на единицу площади, чем наземные леса.
C. C) Они предотвращают высвобождение всего углерода в результате прибрежного освоения.
D. D) Они более устойчивы к повышению уровня моря, чем другие экосистемы.
✅ 正确答案
B) They absorb carbon at a much higher rate per area than land-based forests.
IELTS Reading Tips
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