The concept of neural plasticity, once a revolutionary idea in neuroscience, has now become a cornerstone of modern cognitive research. Contrary to the long-held belief that the adult brain is structurally fixed, studies have demonstrated that synaptic connections can be strengthened or weakened in response to experience. This adaptability is particularly pronounced during critical periods in childhood, but recent evidence suggests that learning and environmental enrichment can induce neurogenesis in the hippocampus even in adulthood. However, plasticity is not inherently beneficial; maladaptive plasticity can contribute to chronic pain or phantom limb syndrome. Thus, while the brain's capacity for change offers therapeutic potential for rehabilitation, it also underscores the need for carefully designed interventions that harness adaptive plasticity while mitigating its detrimental effects.
❓ ¿Cuál es el punto principal que el autor plantea sobre la plasticidad neuronal?
A. A) La plasticidad neuronal es un proceso fijo que solo ocurre durante la infancia.
B. B) La plasticidad neuronal siempre es beneficiosa y debería fomentarse.
C. C) La plasticidad neuronal es un fenómeno complejo con resultados tanto positivos como negativos.
D. D) Se ha demostrado que la plasticidad neuronal es irrelevante para el aprendizaje en adultos.
✅ 正确答案
C) Neural plasticity is a complex phenomenon with both positive and negative outcomes.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first