雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design aims to manage this load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the intrinsic complexity of the material, combined with the way it is presented, exceeds the learner's cognitive capacity. Extraneous cognitive load, which arises from poorly designed instruction, can be reduced by using clear diagrams and eliminating redundant information. However, germane load, which is devoted to processing and understanding the underlying structure, is beneficial and should be encouraged. Research suggests that when learners are presented with worked examples initially, rather than problem-solving tasks, they experience lower cognitive load and demonstrate better transfer of knowledge to novel situations. This finding has significant implications for curriculum development, particularly in fields like mathematics and science, where abstract concepts impose high intrinsic load.