雅思阅读

📖 Reading Passage

The concept of 'green infrastructure' has gained prominence in urban planning as a means to address climate change and biodiversity loss. Unlike conventional gray infrastructure, which relies on concrete and pipes, green infrastructure integrates natural systems such as parks, green roofs, and permeable pavements into city design. These elements not only manage stormwater by absorbing excess rainfall but also mitigate the urban heat island effect, where cities become significantly warmer than surrounding rural areas due to human activities. Moreover, green spaces provide habitats for wildlife and enhance the mental well-being of residents by offering accessible recreational areas. However, critics argue that the implementation of green infrastructure is often inequitable, with affluent neighborhoods receiving more investment than lower-income communities. This disparity can exacerbate social inequalities, as vulnerable populations may lack access to these environmental benefits. Therefore, while green infrastructure offers a promising solution, its success depends on equitable planning and maintenance to ensure that all citizens share in its advantages.