The concept of neuroplasticity, once considered a fixed attribute of the developing brain, has revolutionized our understanding of adult cognition. Recent studies demonstrate that the adult brain retains the capacity to reorganize synaptic connections in response to learning or injury. This adaptability, however, is not uniform across all regions; the hippocampus, for instance, exhibits higher plasticity than the brainstem. Moreover, environmental enrichment and physical exercise have been shown to enhance neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, a subregion of the hippocampus. Conversely, chronic stress and sleep deprivation can suppress this process, leading to cognitive decline. These findings suggest that cognitive health in adulthood is not merely a matter of genetic predisposition but is significantly influenced by lifestyle factors. Consequently, interventions aimed at promoting neuroplasticity may offer therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain under investigation.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, phát biểu nào sau đây là đúng?
A. A) Sự dẻo dai thần kinh chỉ giới hạn ở não đang phát triển.
B. B) Hồi hải mã cho thấy tính linh hoạt thần kinh kém hơn so với thân não.
C. C) Căng thẳng mãn tính có thể làm suy giảm khả năng tạo ra tế bào thần kinh mới của não.
D. D) Các yếu tố di truyền là yếu tố quyết định duy nhất đối với sức khỏe nhận thức ở người trưởng thành.
✅ 正确答案
C) Chronic stress can impair the brain's ability to generate new neurons.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first