The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational psychology, cognitive load theory suggests that learning is most effective when instructional materials are designed to align with human cognitive architecture. Excessive extraneous load, such as irrelevant information or confusing layouts, can hinder the processing of essential information. Conversely, intrinsic load, which is inherent to the complexity of the subject matter, cannot be reduced without simplifying the content. Thus, educators often aim to manage extraneous load while preserving the necessary intrinsic load to optimize learning outcomes. Recent studies have shown that multimedia presentations that integrate visual and auditory channels can reduce cognitive overload by distributing information across modalities, thereby enhancing comprehension and retention.
❓ According to the passage, what is the main goal of instructional design based on cognitive load theory?
A. A. To eliminate all forms of cognitive load to make learning effortless.
B. B. To increase extraneous load to challenge learners more effectively.
C. C. To minimize extraneous load while maintaining necessary intrinsic load.
D. D. To simplify all content regardless of its inherent complexity.
✅ 正确答案
C. To minimize extraneous load while maintaining necessary intrinsic load.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first