The concept of the 'Anthropocene' has gained traction among geologists and environmental scientists as a proposed new geological epoch defined by significant human impact on Earth's geology and ecosystems. Unlike previous epochs, which were shaped by natural forces such as volcanic activity or asteroid impacts, the Anthropocene is characterized by markers including nuclear fallout, plastic pollution, and elevated carbon dioxide levels. Proponents argue that these markers are so distinct and persistent that they justify a formal recognition, altering how we perceive our role in planetary change. However, critics contend that the term oversimplifies complex human-environment interactions and risks attributing uniform responsibility across different societies, as historical emissions were largely driven by industrialized nations. This debate underscores a broader tension between scientific classification and socio-political implications, raising questions about whether naming a new epoch is an objective scientific act or a normative call to action.
❓ Согласно тексту, какова основная критика термина «антропоцен»?
A. Он игнорирует природные силы, такие как вулканическая активность.
B. Это предполагает, что все человеческие общества в равной степени способствовали изменению окружающей среды.
C. Он слишком много внимания уделяет загрязнению пластиком и радиоактивным осадкам.
D. Он не предлагает никаких конкретных действий по защите окружающей среды.
✅ 正确答案
It suggests that all human societies contributed equally to environmental change.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first