The concept of 'environmental resilience' has gained traction in ecological studies, referring to an ecosystem's capacity to absorb disturbances while maintaining its fundamental structure and functions. Unlike mere resistance, which implies a static defense against change, resilience emphasizes dynamic adaptation. For instance, coral reefs subjected to bleaching events can recover if the underlying stressors, such as rising sea temperatures, are mitigated. However, resilience is not limitless; exceeding critical thresholds can lead to regime shifts, where an ecosystem transitions to an entirely different state, often with reduced biodiversity and ecosystem services. This has profound implications for conservation policy, suggesting that efforts should focus not only on preventing degradation but also on enhancing the adaptive capacity of ecosystems to future shocks.
❓ Según el pasaje, ¿cuál es la diferencia clave entre resiliencia y resistencia?
A. La resiliencia implica una defensa estática, mientras que la resistencia implica una adaptación dinámica.
B. La resiliencia enfatiza la recuperación y la adaptación, mientras que la resistencia implica un estado inmutable.
C. La resistencia está limitada por umbrales críticos, mientras que la resiliencia no lo está.
D. La resistencia conduce a cambios de régimen, mientras que la resiliencia los previene.
✅ 正确答案
Resilience emphasizes recovery and adaptation, while resistance implies an unchanging state.
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