The concept of biodiversity, while often associated with the variety of life forms in a given ecosystem, extends beyond mere species richness. It encompasses genetic diversity within species, which is crucial for adaptation to changing environmental conditions, and ecosystem diversity, which refers to the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes. Recent studies indicate that high genetic diversity within a dominant plant species can enhance the resilience of an entire ecosystem to disturbances such as drought or disease. Conversely, the loss of even a single keystone species can trigger cascading effects, leading to a significant reduction in ecosystem stability. Therefore, conservation efforts must prioritize not only the protection of endangered species but also the preservation of the intricate genetic and ecological interactions that sustain biodiversity.
❓ 지문에 따르면, 유전적 다양성이 왜 중요한 것으로 여겨집니까?
A. 생태계 내 종의 수를 증가시킵니다.
B. 이는 종과 생태계가 환경 변화에 적응하는 데 도움을 줍니다.
C. 핵심 종의 멸종을 직접적으로 방지합니다.
D. 생태계 다양성의 필요성을 줄입니다.
✅ 正确答案
It helps species and ecosystems adapt to environmental changes.
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first