The concept of 'cognitive load' refers to the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory. In educational settings, instructional design often aims to manage cognitive load to optimize learning. According to cognitive load theory, learning is hindered when the working memory is overloaded with extraneous information that does not contribute to schema construction. However, intrinsic load, which is the inherent complexity of the material, cannot be reduced without simplifying the content itself. Effective teaching strategies, such as providing worked examples or using multimedia, can help reduce extraneous load and allow learners to focus on essential information. Recent studies suggest that individual differences in prior knowledge significantly influence how cognitive load is experienced, implying that adaptive learning environments may be necessary to cater to diverse learners.
❓ Theo đoạn văn, yếu tố chính nào ảnh hưởng đến cách người học trải nghiệm tải nhận thức?
A. Việc sử dụng đa phương tiện trong giảng dạy
B. Kiến thức nền tảng trước đó của người học
C. Tổng số ví dụ đã giải
D. Đơn giản hóa tải trọng nội tại
✅ 正确答案
The learner's prior knowledge
IELTS Reading Tips
Skim the questions first, underline keywords, then locate in the passage
Watch for paraphrasing; correct answers are often reworded
Be wary of absolute statements (all, always, never) — usually wrong
Pay attention to content after transition words (however, but, yet)
Manage time: about 20 minutes per passage; skip difficult questions first